SID
Speech Internet Dictionary
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A
:A-accent:
:AAVE:
:Abduction:
:Ablaut:
:Accent:
:Accidental gap:
:Acoustic cue:
:Acrolect:
:Active articulator:
:Acute:
:Adaptation:
:Adduction:
:Advanced tongue root:
:Advanced:
:Affricate:
:Affrication:
:African American Vernacular English:
:Airflow:
:Airstream mechanism:
:Aitken’s law:
:Alignment:
:Allophone:
:Alpha notation:
:Alternating stress rule:
:Alternation:
:Alveolar ridge:
:Alveolar:
:Alveolo-palatal:
:Ambisyllabicity:
:Amplitude-frequency spectrum:
:Amplitude:
:Anacrusis:
:Anaptyxis:
:Anechoic chamber:
:Angled brackets:
:Angma:
:Anterior:
:Anticipatory assimilation:
:Antiresonance:
:Anvil:
:Aperiodic:
:Apex:
:Aphaeresis:
:Aphesis:
:Apical:
:Apico-palatal:
:Apocope:
:Approach:
:Approximant:
:Archiphoneme:
:Areal feature:
:Articulator:
:Arytenoid cartilage:
:Ash tensing:
:Ash:
:Aspirate mutation:
:Aspiration:
:Assimilation:
:Association:
:ATR:
:Attenuation:
:Audiogram:
:Audiometer:
:Auslautverhärtung:
:Autocorrelation:
:Autosegmental phonology:
B
:B-accent:
:Back vowel:
:Back:
:Bandwidth:
:Bark scale:
:Basilar membrane:
:Basilect:
:Bernoulli effect:
:Bidirectional assimiliation:
:Bilabial:
:Bilateral opposition:
:Binary feature:
:Bitonal accent:
:Biuniqueness:
:Blade:
:Bleeding:
:Bone conduction:
:Boundary tone:
:Boundary:
:Bounded foot:
:Braces:
:Breaking:
:Breath group:
:Breathed:
:Breathy voice:
:Broad consonant:
:Broad focus:
:Broad transcription:
:Broca’s area:
:Buccal :
:Bundle:
:Burst:
C
:C symbol:
:C-accent:
:Cadence:
:Calling contour:
:Cardinal vowel:
:Carry-over assimilation:
:Catathesis:
:Categorical perception:
:Central vowel:
:Centralised:
:Centring diphthong:
:Cepstrum:
:Chain shift:
:Checked:
:Checking tone:
:Chest pulse:
:Chroneme:
:Citation form:
:Clash:
:Clear /l/:
:Click:
:Clipping:
:Clitic:
:Close vowel:
:Close-mid vowel:
:Closed phase:
:Closed syllable:
:Closing diphthong:
:Closing phase:
:Cluster reduction:
:Cluster:
:Coalescence:
:Coarticulation:
:Cochlea:
:Coda:
:Compact:
:Compensatory lengthening:
:Complementary distribution:
:Complex tone:
:Complex wave:
:Compound stress rule:
:Compound stress:
:Compression:
:Conditioning factor:
:Conductive hearing loss:
:Connected speech feature:
:Consonant Capture:
:Consonant cluster:
:Consonant harmony:
:Consonant:
:Consonantal:
:Constricted glottis:
:Content word:
:Context-free:
:Context-sensitive voicing:
:Context:
:Continuant:
:Contoid:
:Contour tone:
:Contrast:
:Coronal:
:Counter-assertive:
:Counter-bleeding:
:Counter-example:
:Counter-feeding:
:Counter-presuppositional:
:Creaky voice:
:Creole:
:Crico-arytenoid muscles:
:Crico-thyroid muscles:
:Cricoid cartilaɡe:
:Cyclic rule:
D
:DAF:
:Dark /l/:
:dB:
:De-accenting:
:De-alveolar assimilation:
:Debuccalisation:
:Decibel:
:Declination:
:Defective distribution:
:Defective vowel system:
:Degemination:
:Delayed auditory feedback:
:Delayed release:
:Dental:
:Dentolabial:
:Derivation:
:Designated terminal element:
:Devoicing:
:DFT:
:Diacritic feature:
:Diacritic:
:Dialect:
:Diffuse:
:Diglossia:
:Diphthong:
:Dissimilation:
:Distinction:
:Distinctive feature:
:Distributed:
:Distribution:
:Disyllable:
:Dorsal:
:Double articulation:
:Double-stressed:
:Downstep:
:Drag-chain:
:DTE:
E
:Ear drum:
:Echo question:
:Eclipsis:
:Edge tone:
:Egressive:
:Ejective:
:Electropalatography :
:Element:
:Elision:
:Endglide:
:Eng:
:Environment:
:Epenthesis:
:Epiglottis:
:Equal-loudness contour:
:Erhua:
:Esh:
:Estuary English:
:Eustachian tube:
:EVAL:
:Event sentence:
:Excrescence:
:ExtIPA:
:Extrametricality:
:Extrinsic allophone:
F
:F-zero:
:F1-cutback:
:F1:
:F
0
:
:Faithfulness constraint:
:Fall-rise:
:Falling diphthong:
:False vocal folds:
:Falsetto voice:
:Faucalised:
:Feature geometry:
:Feature synthesis:
:Feeding:
:FFT:
:Filled pause:
:Filter:
:Final obstruent devoicing:
:Final syllable lengthening:
:Fis phenomenon:
:Fixed stress:
:Flap:
:Floating tone:
:Focus:
:Foot:
:Forensic phonetics:
:Formant transition:
:Formant:
:Fortis:
:Fortition:
:Fourier analysis/synthesis:
:Free stress:
:Free variation:
:Frequency:
:Fricative:
:Frictionless continuant:
:Front vowel:
:Fronting:
:Function word:
:Fundamental frequency:
:Fuzzy logical model:
:Fx:
G
:Gating:
:Geminate:
:GEN:
:General American:
:General British English:
:Genioglossus:
:Gesture:
:Glide:
:Gliding:
:Glottal reinforcement:
:Glottal replacement:
:Glottal stop:
:Glottal:
:Glottalic airstream mechanism:
:Glottalisation:
:Glottalling:
:Glottis:
:Grammatical item:
:Grassman’s Law:
:Grave:
:Great Vowel Shift:
:Greek letter variable:
:Grid:
:Grimm’s law:
:Grooved fricative:
:Group:
:Guttural:
H
:H aspiré:
:H muet:
:H%:
:H*:
:H-dropping:
:h:
:H:
:Hair cell:
:Hammer:
:Haplology:
:Hard consonant:
:Hard palate:
:Harmonic analysis:
:Harmonic synthesis:
:Harmonic:
:Harsh voice:
:Hash:
:Hat pattern:
:Head:
:Hearing mechanism:
:Height:
:Heightened subglottal pressure:
:Hertz:
:Heterorganic:
:Hiatus:
:High fall:
:High rise terminal:
:High rise:
:High vowel:
:High-mid vowel:
:High:
:Homograph:
:Homophene:
:Homophone:
:Homorganic:
:Hyoid bone:
:Hyperadaptation:
:Hypercorrection:
:Hypernasality:
:Hyponasality:
:Hz:
:Hˉ:
I
:I:
:Iambic reversal:
:Ideophone:
:Idiolect:
:Implicational universal:
:Implosive:
:Incus:
:Indexical:
:Ingressive:
:Initiation:
:Initiator:
:Inner ear:
:Intensity:
:Inter-arytenoid muscle:
:Interdental:
:Intermediate phrase:
:Intervocalic:
:Intonation phrase:
:Intonation:
:Intrinsic allophone:
:Intrusive r:
:Inverse Square Law:
:IPA:
:Isochronicity:
:Isogloss:
J
:Jitter:
:Juncture:
K
:Key:
:Kinesics:
:Kymograph:
ːKinetic toneː
L
:L%:
:L*:
:L:
:Labial-palatal:
:Labial-velar:
:Labial:
:Labialisation:
:Labiodental:
:Labiovelar:
:Laminal:
:Laryngograph:
:Larynx:
:Lateral approach:
:Lateral release:
:Lateral:
:Lax:
:Leading tone:
:Lect:
:Lenis:
:Lenition:
:Lexical incidence:
:Lexical item:
:Lexical phonology:
:Lexical rule:
:Lexical stress:
:Lexical tone:
:Liaison:
:Lingual:
:Linguolabial:
:Linking r:
:Lip reading:
:Liquid:
:Location:
:Locus:
:Logogram:
:Loudness:
:Low fall:
:Low rise:
:Low:
:Lowering:
:Lx:
:Lyman’s law:
:Lˉ:
M
:M:
:Main stress rule:
:Malleus:
:Manner of articulation:
:Max-IO:
:Maximal onset principle:
:McGurk effect:
:Media:
:Median articulation:
:Mel scale:
:Melodic tier:
:Merger:
:Mesolect:
:Metathesis:
:Metrical grid:
:Metrical phonology:
:Metrical tree:
:Micro-intonation:
:Micro-prosody:
:Mid level:
:Mid vowel:
:Minimal focus:
:Minimal pair:
:Mirror-image convention:
:Missing fundamental:
:Modal verb:
:Modal voice:
:Modulation:
:Monophthong:
:Monosyllable:
:Mora:
:Morpheme boundary:
:Morpheme:
:Morphophonology:
:Motor theory:
:Murmur:
N
:N-ary feature:
:Narrow focus:
:Narrow transcription:
:Narrow-band:
:Nasal approach:
:Nasal release:
:Nasal stop:
:Nasal:
:Nasalisation:
:Nasopharynx:
:Natural class:
:Neutral vowel:
:Neutralisation:
:Non-linear phonology:
:Normal voice:
:Northern cities shift:
:Nuclear Stress Rule:
:Nuclear tone:
:Nucleus:
O
:Obligatory contour principle:
:Obstruent:
:Occlusion:
:Occlusive:
:OCP:
:Octave:
:Oesophageal voice:
:Onset:
:Open phase:
:Open syllable:
:Open vowel:
:Opposition:
:Optimality theory:
:Oral airstream mechanism:
:Oral stop:
:Orbicularis oris muscle:
:Organ of Corti:
:Oropharynx:
:Orthography:
:Ossicles:
:Overlapping distribution:
:Oxytone:
P
:Lexical conditioning:
:Palatal:
:Palatalisation:
:Palatalling:
:Palato-alveolar:
:Palatography:
:Paragoge:
:Parametric diagram:
:Paroxytone:
:Pascal:
:Passive articulator:
:Pattern playback:
:Period:
:Periodic:
:Peripheral vowel:
:Perseverative assimilation:
:Pharyngal:
:Pharyngeal airstream mechanism:
:Pharyngeal:
:Phase:
:Phon:
:Phonation type:
:Phonation:
:Phone:
:Phoneme:
:Phonetics:
:Phonological rule:
:Phonology:
:Phonotactics:
:Pidgin:
:Pitch perturbation:
:Pitch:
:Place of articulation:
:Plastic:
:Plosive:
:Polarity focus:
:Polysyllable:
:Post-lexical rule:
:Postalveolar:
:Pre-aspiration:
:Pre-consonantal:
:Pre-nasalised consonant:
:Pre-occlusion:
:Pre-palatal:
:Pre-pausal:
:Pre-velar:
:Pre-vocalic:
:Prehead:
:Progressive assimilation:
:Proparoxytone:
:Prosodic hierarchy:
:Prosody:
:Prosthesis:
:Pseudo-elision:
:Pulmonic airstream mechanism:
:Pure tone:
:Pure vowel:
:Push-chain:
Pharyngealisation
Pharynx
Phonation phases
Q
:Quality:
:Quantity:
:Quefrency:
:Question mark:
R
:R:
:Raddoppiamento sintattico:
:Raising:
:Rank of stricture:
:Rcolouring:
:Received pronunciation:
:Recruitment:
:Reduced vowel:
:Reduplication:
:Regressive assimilation:
:Release masking:
:Release:
:Rendaku:
:Resolvability:
:Resonance:
:Resonant:
:Response:
:Retracted:
:Retroflex:
:Reynold’s number:
:Rhotacism:
:Rhotic:
:Rhyme:
:Rhythmic clipping:
:Rise-fall:
:Rising diphthong:
:Roll:
:Round:
:RP:
Resonator
Rounded
S
:Sagittal section:
:SAMPA:
:Sandhi:
:Sawtooth wave:
:Scala:
:Schwa:
:Secondary articulation:
:Semivowel:
:Sensorineural hearing loss:
:Sentence stress:
:Series:
:Sharp:
:Sibilant:
:Sine wave:
:Sinusoid:
:Slender consonant:
:Slit fricative:
:Sociolect:
:Soft consonant:
:Soft palate:
:Sonagram:
:Sonagraph:
:Sonorant:
:Sonority hierarchy:
:Southern breaking:
:Spectrogram:
:Spectrograph:
:Spectrum:
:Speech pressure waveform:
:Speech reading:
:Speech synthesis:
:Spelling pronunciation:
:Spirantisation:
:Split:
:Spoonerism:
:Square wave:
:Stapes:
:Starred form:
:Steady state:
:Stirrup:
:Stop:
:Stopping:
:Stranding:
:Stress clash:
:Stress shift:
:Stress-timed:
:Stress:
:Stretching:
:Strict Layer Hypothesis:
:Stricture:
:Strident:
:Strong cluster:
:Strong form:
:Stød:
:Suppletion:
:Surd:
:Surface form:
:Svarabhakti:
:Syllabary:
:Syllabic consonant:
:Syllable nucleus:
:Syllable weight:
:Syllable-timed:
:Syllable:
:Syncope:
:Synizesis:
:Syntactic doubling:
:Systematic gap:
:Systemic difference:
T
:Tail:
:Tap:
:Target quality:
:Tautosyllabic:
:TBU:
:Tense:
:Tenuis:
:Thorn:
:Thyroid cartilage:
:ToBI:
:Tonality:
:Tone group:
:Tone sandhi:
:Tone-bearing unit:
:Tone:
:Tongue back:
:Tongue front:
:Tongue muscles:
:Tongue root:
:Tonic:
:Tonicity:
:Tonogenesis:
:Trailing tone:
:Transcription:
:Transition:
:Triangular wave:
:Trill:
:Trisyllabic Laxing:
:Truncation:
:Turbulent flow:
:Tympanum:
U
:U:
:Umlaut:
:Unary feature:
:Underlying form:
:Upspeak:
:Uptalk:
:Urú:
:Uvula:
:Uvular:
Upstep
V
:V:
:Variable:
:Velar softening:
:Velar:
:Velaric airstream mechanism:
:Velarisation:
:Velic closure:
:Velopharyngeal:
:Velum:
:Ventricular folds:
:Ventricular voice:
:Verner’s law:
:Vestibular folds:
:Vocal cords:
:Vocal folds:
:Vocal fry:
:Vocal process:
:Vocalised:
:Vocoid:
:Voice onset time:
:Voiced:
:Voiceless:
:VOT:
:Vowel harmony:
:Vowel quality:
:Vowel reduction:
:Vowel:
:VPM label:
Vowel quadrilateral
W
:Wavelength:
:Weak cluster:
:Weak form:
:Weak syllable deletion:
:Wedge:
:Whistle fricative:
:White noise:
:Wide-band:
:Word boundary:
:Word group:
:Wynn:
X
Y
:Yod:
:Yorkshire assimilation:
Z
:Zero crossing:
:Zero:
Acknowledgements
Full Index
Info
Links
:Complex tone:
A tone such as a
fall-rise
in which the pitch contour changes direction.
